Rosetta Stone

Rosetta Stone Rosetta Stone is a stone engraved with hieroglyphic texts and Dimutkip and Greek, was the key to solve the mystery of writing Heroglafah, called the Rosetta stone because he discovered the city of Rosetta branch, located at the mouth of the River Nile in the Mediterranean.

 
Discovered by a French officer on July 19, 1799 during the French campaign was carved in 196 BC. M. This stone royal decree was issued in the city of Memphis in 196 BC. M. The priests issued in memory of Ptolemy V. Accordingly, three languages ​​and hieroglyphic Aldemutkip (Coptic and are intended to modern language to the ancient Egyptians), and Greek. At the time of discovery of the mystery of language Aevsr hundreds of years ago. Because the language was then the three languages ​​of the dead.

 
  Until the French scholar Jean Francois Champollion interpreted such language after matching them with the Greek and hieroglyphic texts of the other. This indicates that these languages ​​were prevalent during the reign of the Ptolemaic Greeks of Egypt for more than 150 years. The hieroglyphic language spoken in holy temples. And demotic language was the language of popular writing (Egyptian colloquial

 The ancient Greek was the language of the rulers and the Greeks had been translated into Greek in order to understand. The content of the writing in praise of Pharaoh of Egypt and its achievements for the good priests and the people of Egypt. And have been written by priests to public and private reading of the leading Egyptian and the ruling class. The British scientist Thomas Young discovered that the FD hieroglyphics consist of indications of voice

 
Property and that the names written inside ovals cartridges. This discovery led to unpack the French scientist Jean-Francois Champollion hieroglyphic symbols. Champollion was able to decode the hieroglyphics in 1822. Because the Greek text is from 54 lines and easy to read, making it distinguishes the names of the Ptolemaic rulers written in colloquial Egyptian

In this disclosure open horizons to identify the civilization of the ancient Egyptians Olgazha, and the translation of sciences after the revival of their language after Muatha over the centuries. And became hieroglyphics and Obhaditha taught anyone who wants to study Egyptology. British and stone taken from the French forces, and put him in the Museum of London. The city of Rashid, took its name from the name Pharaonic "Rkhitt" In the Coptic period came to be called "Rchit" The Rosetta Stone is a stone of stones black basalt dating from 196 BC. M and recorded by the minutes of the installation of the priests of King Ptolemy V and the recognition by the king of the country has the priests in the city of Memphis recording this important occasion on a stone of black basalt type in three languages ​​were used in Egypt at that time and the GATT is the hieroglyphic and demotic (Coptic refers to the language and write the modern to the ancient Egyptians) and Greek (ancient Greek).

The content of the writing in praise of the new Pharaoh of Egypt of the Ptolemies Ptolemy V and record accomplishments for the good priests and the people of Egypt. And have been written by priests to public and private reading of the Egyptians and the senior ruling class

 
Named this stone as the Rosetta Stone because it was discovered near a branch of the Nile River Delta of the Nile at Barashid called the Rosetta Stone is a stone, who announced to the world history of pharaohs of Egypt
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It is believed that this stone was part of the monument King Or from one of the temples, when the Arab Muslims in need of stones they demolish temples and churches to take the stones to Ancathm war or even build their mosques have engraved on this stone the texts of three in three different languages ​​and Hendma saw the officer «Popcorn» knew immediately So, extracting significance from the wall and isolated individually. Then sent to the engineer of bridges and roads «Michel Ange Lancry» who was passing by chance in the city of «rational» and asked him to help him to understand the significance of this stone and its importance. , And other decoding of ancient hieroglyphics, but they did not reach a solution to its symbols and thus detect all of Egyptian history, a Maady that became famous this stone and the city of Rosetta relative to the place where this stone was discovered

 The French campaign in Egypt issued newspaper read by all the French army aspiration discoveries scientific, historical, religious and other news declaring newspaper Forces campaign "to Akurien Degpt" the news of this discovery, the historical importance and asked whether the presence of writing Greek, which appear to be a translation of the text of the Egyptian can provide key to read the hieroglyphs

 
The Rosetta Stone was the key to resolve the mystery of hieroglyphics was Champollion French scientist bent for a long time on the study of these inscriptions on the stone

 

She was the first attempt to decode this stone made ​​by Swedish diplomat Thomas Ocirbel the world in the year 1920, which you know the name of Ptolemy and some other letters, the British scientist Thomas Young discovered that the FD is the hieroglyphic writing letters to sounds. Property and that the names written inside ovals perhaps called Egyptologists name cartridges, but he made ​​a mistake in the acoustic properties of these symbols. Even reach the world the French Champollion to decipher the ancient Egyptian language by matching letters to each other, especially names and this discovery led to the break the French scientist Jean-Francois Champollion (1790 AD - 1832 AD), hieroglyphic symbols. And was able to Champollion to decode the hieroglyphics in 1822 AD. Because the text is Greek for 54 lines

And manage Champollion deciphered because it was known as the Coptic language is at an early age Vtabgaha in Greek located on the stone and then characterized the names of rulers Ptolemy written in colloquial Egyptian was able to get several letters and by matching them with some other names came to Letters Coptic and consequently Letters hieroglyphics, which was used by the pharaohs of Egypt

 
Once briefed the archaeologists and history to set off on a strong appetite to discover the world's greatest civilization known to mankind in ancient history

Champollion and the world famous scholar and his research collection of material which is still a professor of history at the University of Grenoble, and then in 1826 became responsible for the Department of Egyptian Antiquities in the Louvre. And in 1828 sent on a mission to Egypt to study records the inscriptions on Egyptian monuments. And in 1831 was appointed professor at the Collège Dovranc, the highest French scientific institution, higher than the Sorbonne. Of the most important books: (1) a summary of the language hieroglyph, (2) letters written in Egypt and Nubia, and the effects of Egypt and Nubia, (3) the rules of the ancient Egyptian language, (4) Dictionary of Egyptian language and hieroglyphics - We note here that the professor of history French Champollion may love the Coptic language and learned and mastered this knowledge has helped him to decipher the language of the pharaohs.

.Stone was taken to London under the terms of the Treaty of 1801 between the English and the French, and is now considered one of the most important artifacts displayed at the British Museum in London and there are Egyptian attempts carried out to recover it, but did not succeed so far.

 
And scientists are likely the birth of his manuscript in the previous mid-third century AH, and some say that he was born in the fourth century AH.

 
The manuscript is also rumored to have been copied in 241 AH (861 AD) "and was first revealed by the Austrian Orientalist Joseph Hummer and has inherently in London in 1806

It is said that the Arab world was privy to many of the ancient languages ​​known Bzmenh including Kurdish and Nabatieh, Persian, Indian and the number of pens (languages) that are known to 89 rarely including the hieroglyphics contained in the manuscript on the study and I leave the reader to be weighed what was said about the Arab world, who knows 89 language and the Registry, including the hieroglyphics with this language that has faded away completely before the Arab invasion Islamic centuries around and not less than 300 years old.

 
It is said that the son of a brutal "put his manuscript in the ancient languages ​​and alphabet and the corresponding letters in Arabic:" Among these languages ​​along with hieroglyphic language like ancient Egyptian demotic and Coptic Alheirotiqih and the old as well as the Assyrian and Chaldean and Nabatieh

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