The beautiful city of Petra

City of Petra, or the beautiful city of rocks of the seven modern wonders of the world, Petra, also called goods, a historic city located in southern Jordan, 225 km south of the capital Amman to the west of the main road connecting the capital city of Amman and Aqaba.

· The Petra of the most important archaeological sites in Jordan and in the world there is no parallel in the world recently won second place in the international competition for the Seven Wonders of which is about an entire city carved in the rock pink color (hence the name Petra means in Greek rock) (offset by in Nabataean Rgimo) and Petra also known as the pink City relative to the color of the rocks that formed to build, a city like Matkon Citadel

· Built by the Nabataeans in 400 BC and made ​​it their capital and close to the city of Mount Aaron, who is believed to contain the tomb of the Prophet Aaron, peace be upon him and the seven springs of Moses striking the rock with his rod Vtfjrt. Petra was selected as one of 7/7/2007. The new seven wonders of the world.

· Petra was the capital of the Nabataeans and the most important cities of their kingdom, which lasted from 400 BC to 106 AD, has extended its borders from the coast of Ashkelon in Palestine in the west to the desert of the Levant in the east. And from the north of Damascus to the Red Sea to the south, a site of Petra average between civilizations Mesopotamia and the Levant and the Arabian Peninsula and Egypt economic importance has held state Nabataean control of trade between the civilizations of these regions and their inhabitants and the commercial convoys reach it loaded with spices and spices from southern Arabia and silk from Gaza, Damascus and henna from Ashkelon, glassware of Tyre and Sidon and the Pearl of the Persian Gulf

· End of the state was the Nabataeans by the Romans when Hasrōha and prevented them water sources year 105 and named it the Arab state. In the year 636 became Petra live on the rest of the population on agriculture but the earthquake that hit year 746/748 earthquakes and dispersal of its people

· With the start of flights Orientalists of the Arab world in the nineteenth century was the discovery of Petra in 1812 AD at the hands of Orientalist Swiss Johann Ludwig Barakaart who learned Arabic and studied Islam in Syria and came to Petra, claiming he is a Muslim from India after denying Bazzi Islamic and objective to offer sacrifice to the Prophet Aaron and this allowed him to enter the local population rose-red city, and contained his book printed in 1828 and known as the flights in Syria and the Holy Land pictures of Petra

· The most important drawings by the famous Petra was the lithography painted by David Roberts of Petra and the Wadi Musa during his visit in 1839, and the more than twenty lithographic plate has been printed many of them, giving Petra fame. There are many of Petra paintings and other images dating back to the nineteenth century, which shows how the attention it has brought re-discovered on Europe at the time. Famous works of Petra a painting watercolors of the landscape of Petra, the artist Cheranz about 1840 and the first map of the manuscript of Petra in English to draw travelers to eBuddy around the year 1830 and pictures of Petra imaging Freight in 1830 [The width of the cabinet 28 meters and a height of 39.5 meters, and there are several statues of structural (remains of Nabatean)

· And Petra carved in the rock and hiding behind the impenetrable barrier of mountains which Sheets are hardly porous mysterious charm. The traffic Balsik a passage through a narrow aspect of high-rise height that barely allow the passage of the sun, giving a dramatic contrast with the magic of a sudden, the next open slot on the field of natural features the famous Treasury of Petra carved in the rock that glows golden in the sun

 · There are many interfaces that entice the visitor on until the ancient city, one monument leading to another teacher Bantoa distances. The overall size of the city and the beautifully carved facades is staggering and makes gives him an idea of ​​the level of creativity and industry of theNabateans who made Petra their capital more than 2000 years ago. From their capital that the Nabataeans were able to establish a network of caravan routes which brought spices, incense,myrrh, gold, silver and precious stones from India and the Arabian Peninsula, to be traded to the west.
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· As a result of the wealth they acquired, they adorned their city with palaces, temples and arches. As you set off from the gate entrance to the city and the valley is quite wide open. Thissection is a narrow entrance door knows Siq. First Maatmr do is set the jinn which is about a group of three cubes of rock just to the right of the corridor and the crossing more through the slitvisitor sees the tomb of obelisks carved out of the cliff and in a moment turn into the path of thebroad to the gap is dark does not exceed a few feet and suddenly a few steps to get the firstview of the finest achievement of the Petra Treasury is seemingly visible under the hot sun andcarved in the rock.

The height of this interface of about 39.1 meters and display Oabulg about 25.30 meters, and the length of the columns on the first floor of about 12.65 meters, and in the second floor about 9 meters, and the jar above the kiosk stands at a height of 3.50 meters. Composed interfaceTreasury of two sections: the upper and the Department of basement, with the triangle brokenring the building, consists of the lower part of the six columns, as the pillars of the centerseparated from the wall, and column capitals of the first type "vegetable", and there are somedifferences between the shapes of plant crowns , and above the columns Afrish decorated pairsof winged monsters, including vases, and their tails curled trunks is and interrelated, and thefrieze on both sides of the face of highlights from the leaves of plants. Above the triangle shape(Pediment) solar disk between the horns and ears of wheat, a symbol to the gods Isis (Isis) the Egyptian, as we find in the center of the frieze from the leaves come out Alokanthus, has beendistorted, and top sides of the triangle stands a winged animal ,

Shows these forms influence of Egyptian civilization in terms of content, as we find when spaces side between the columns base topped with a sculpted, which is a form of human being standing in front of a horse, and sculpture forms of horses and camels in the arts Nabataean funerary is clear: to help them to transfer the deceased in his journey to after life. As part of the top of the cabinet is composed of six columns, front and rear eight columns, which are attached to walls and capitals of the second kind "of plant

"In the middle of the interface we ring the building a roof italics in the form of tents, topped by a crown pillar and jar, and the Alafrish higher, they are decorated with leaves various plant, and forms of pomegranates, grapes, pine, including the faces of human figures, and above the Alafrish aspects form the triangle Broken (Broken -Pediment). in addition to all of these motifs, we find between the columns front and rear, sculptures statues on the rules, has been distorted in a later period, in the middle ring the building (Tholos) standing statue of the gods (Isis) with wheat, which symbolizes her, the gods of death Egypt, on its side between the columns, we find statues of victory

, And triangles, we find the highest forms of bird sculptures Eagle. We find symmetry in the interface to a large extent, in terms of architectural decoration and engineering, with the carvings on the sides are not identical to each other, but they are consistent with each other or with the interface, so that was suitable for variety. Dahlman has been described (Dalman) and safe interface as composed of the temple facades, front and rear and placed on top of each, the basement shows the entrance to the temple, and the top shows on the campus of sacred (Sanctuary).

  He added that this combination was replicated in the building of the monastery and the tomb Alchornthe only, which is against the tradition, but appropriate to the place. There were several theories for the origin of Treasury, has tried a large number of researchers to find buildings like it, may be a source of inspiration for the design of the safe. He found many that their origin dates back to the buildings in Alexandria, a temple Cleo Petra, the library, while he Babinschr (Papenstecher) to the presence of ring the building (Tholos), in many private homes and palaces, where she was surrounded by colonnades Baptist (), has been found Starkey (Starcky) the interface Treasury, reflect the art of architecture in the Egyptian city of Alexandria during the Hellenistic era,

 In any case, we find that this interface combines oriental influences, and represented in the gods, animals, superstitious Egyptian, and Syrian Eagle, and the form of JAR East, with the methods Hellenistic, as well as to the nature of Nabataean in the forms and decoration of crowns, and frieze, and some properties of statues between architectural elements classics. Similar to the lower part of the Treasury, a temple of style Alchornthe six columns above the base of low-rise, and column ends with crowns class Alchornthe but they do not resemble the crowns that we know in Jerash, Baalbek, which returns to the second century AD, in which case we do not find only two rows of paper Alokanthus, and the third row instead of carving floral artist is very accurate, come out of a pine cone, to occupy the middle of the flat or Alapacos.

Above the columns extends put to music class ion, has break between the last two columns on each side, and the frieze above the sculpture is also a model ion, consisting of floral designs, animals legendary among the time-like pottery, which abound in the cemetery, called pots tears (Lecmrimaria) . The triangle Vicll four columns Central, not the total columns, as is the case in the temples Romanian, and in the inside abound plant motifs surrounding with a woman who has distorted his features, and can be likened to gods experience enlightenment, now in the Museum of Oman, and in the top of the triangle pillar (Acrckrium) bear sun disk flanked by two horns and ears of wheat, which is the theme of Egyptian gods Isis, and the gods Hator that correspond to when the gods Semitic Astarte,

 The triangle is based on the base of the second round decorated with a frieze of flowers, and statues of sphinxes at both ends. Different from the second round for the first round, in terms of decoration and architecture, in the center booth round is called in Greek (Tholos) is surrounded by columns Corinthian, and surmounted by a roof-like repression, end the crown of Corinthian and urn, placed where usually the ashes of the dead, but here symbolic since it is hollow , has been broken because the Bedouins were firing upon the fire, Danin it contains safe Pharaoh, was under this name in use today, and on both sides of the kiosk Binaan decorated with columns, above them a triangle is broken, and over the angles remains Eagles crushed, these buildings form a gallery revolves around the kiosk, and succeeded in avoiding the Engineer Nabati monotony, and make other prominent places and hollow, and break the triangles on the upper sides, and break Alhant in the basement, and made consistent between the statues of figures in both floors.

Statues on the first floor between the two columns of others, statues of gods known as the Greek Baldioschori, or (Castor and Pollux of the Romans) (Castor and polux) and the two sons of the god Zeus, and were driving the dead to the other world, and therefore holds each and every one of them the reins of his horse, and heading the first towards the west, and the second towards the east, they are under the sign of the sun at sunrise and sunset. Aldioschori and fits in the upper floor the Amazon women warriors as they say Greek mythology, has raised every one Blttha over her head, and began dancing a dance of war, while Othoabehn flying in the air. The kiosk at the front, will highlight the statue of Tyche gods of luck and I brought her left hand a century of prosperity, and with the right, a symbol of fertility, and many such statues in Greek art, and takes this victory statue winged gods and number six.

 Inside the cabinet is made up within the Treasury of the three chambers, two on the side and the other in the middle, and rooms side empty apart from Treasury dug in the room, Western, and the chamber of Central and climb the stairway, stands at each side 12.50 meters, and on three aspects of the cabinets are placed in sarcophagi for burial, this was the room door closed bronze or wooden as evidenced by the effects of remaining on the outskirts of the upper and lower gate

Petra won the competition in the new seven wonders of the world after the official support of the vote, where it was considered a national duty, and the Jordanian government launched a massive advertising campaigns in order to Petra in the Jordanian newspapers, radio and television Jordan Jordanian citizens to stimulate the Kingdom of the vote. The companies began to launch campaigns to support the vote